xivCOMMODORE64 FUN AND GAMESVolume 2


The SHIFTand COMMODORE KeysNotice that tha- r-
the quotes in this e
The Commodore 64 uses most keys for threeThe blanks in i 'e _
diferent codes. Al of the leter keys (and areading. When a bi_';-ed it wil be
smal handful of other keys) produce a letershown as a caret ("1\'1o:.r:': eo curlbraces,
and two diferent graphic symbols. The graphicor the word {space} insi e ~Ta.
printed on the right side of the front ofa key is
produced by holding SHIFTand pressing the
key. The graphic on the left front of a key isTHESTANDARD FRAMEW,OR;K
produced by holding the COMMODOREkey and
pressing the leter key.Al programs (except tho e named QUICK)
In the listings we show SHIFTgraphics as ause a standard framework of linfrom 60000
to 62200. Since this section is always the same,
ca1?italeter{ZJ meansinside
"holdcurly
down braces.SHIFT, Forand example,
press theyou should type it once, SAVEiton disk or tape,
leter z." Besides the 26 leters of the alphabet,and then always LOADit right after ou LOAD
the commercial" at" sign, the asterisk, the plusand RUN the PROOF-IT program. That way,
and minus sign, and the "pound" sign some-you wil know that lines 60000-62200 are al-
times appear inside curly braces, since theyways right, and wil save lots of typing.
produce Commodore graphic characters,There is a reminder at the end of each pro-
The rule is simple: capital leters inside curlygram that uses the framework. However, you
braces indicateSHIFTedgraphic characters,should LOAD the framework before you start
while underlined capital leters inside bracestyping your program. If you forget to do so,but
mean COMMODOREgraphic characters. Acom-have a floppy disk, the MERGE program wil
mon mistake is forgeting to hold down themerge the program you typed together with the
SHIFTor COMMODOREkeys for characters insideframework, and create a new file. However,
curly braces. If a PROOF-IT number doesn'tLOADing the framework before you begin typ-
match, chances are you've forgoten to holding a new program is beter, since that is much
down the COMMODOREkey for an underlinedfaster than using MERGE. If you use casete
leter inside curly braces.tape,andforgettoLOAD thestandard
framework first, you wil have to go ahead and
Reverse-videoand Spacestype it again. Since that's a lot of extra work,
remember to LOADthe framework before you
Reverse-video is shown in the listings asstart typing!
{rvs-on} and {rvs-of}. These are produced by

holdin~{rvs-onJthe CTRL
and 0kel
for t down,
rvs-of}.and presing 9 forGetingStartedwiththe
Along sequence ofblanks is fairly common inStandardFramework
C-64 programs.We use the repeat notation
when more than three important blanks occurAn importantthing to understandabout the
together. For smaler numbers of blanks, w~standard framework is that it is not a program
use the caret.that you'l ever RUN by itself. It is a set of
Note that blanks inside curly braces are notroutines that we use from our programs with
GOSUB or GOTO commands. Folow these
typed, unless you see the word {space}. Blanks
inside braces are used to separate the speled-steps:
out notation, and are included strictly for ease1. LOADthe PROOF-IT program, and RUN it.
of reading. For example,This lets you proofreadeach line of the
framework as you type it in.
130 X$=-{2°down2°right}":rem65142. Type the standard framework.
means you should type:the number 1303. Press p folowed by RETURN.Check the
a blanknumber of lines and program proof number
the leter Xagainstthe listing, and make sure they
a dolar signmatch.
an equal sign4. SAVE the standardframework (we cal it
a quote"FRAME") on disk or tape.
cursor-downAfter you havea good versionof the
cursor-downframework, folow this procedure when you
cursor-rightwant to type a new program:
cursor-right
a quote.

